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src/PowderCoating.Core/Entities/Accounting.cs

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+using PowderCoating.Core.Enums;
+
+namespace PowderCoating.Core.Entities;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// Chart of Accounts entry. Supports a flat or one-level hierarchy via ParentAccountId.
+/// </summary>
+public class Account : BaseEntity
+{
+    public string AccountNumber { get; set; } = string.Empty;
+    public string Name { get; set; } = string.Empty;
+    public AccountType AccountType { get; set; }
+    public AccountSubType AccountSubType { get; set; }
+    public string? Description { get; set; }
+
+    /// <summary>Nullable FK for sub-accounts (one level deep).</summary>
+    public int? ParentAccountId { get; set; }
+
+    /// <summary>System accounts cannot be deleted (seeded defaults).</summary>
+    public bool IsSystem { get; set; } = false;
+    public bool IsActive { get; set; } = true;
+
+    /// <summary>Starting balance when the account was first set up in this system.</summary>
+    public decimal OpeningBalance { get; set; } = 0;
+    /// <summary>The date the opening balance is as-of. Null means it pre-dates all transactions.</summary>
+    public DateTime? OpeningBalanceDate { get; set; }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Denormalized running balance kept in sync with each transaction. Positive = normal-balance direction
+    /// (debit-normal for Assets/Expenses/COGS; credit-normal for Liabilities/Equity/Revenue).
+    /// Use AccountsController.RecalculateBalances to rebuild from scratch if needed.
+    /// </summary>
+    public decimal CurrentBalance { get; set; } = 0;
+
+    // Navigation
+    public virtual Account? ParentAccount { get; set; }
+    public virtual ICollection<Account> SubAccounts { get; set; } = new List<Account>();
+    public virtual ICollection<BillLineItem> BillLineItems { get; set; } = new List<BillLineItem>();
+    public virtual ICollection<Bill> Bills { get; set; } = new List<Bill>();
+    public virtual ICollection<BillPayment> BillPayments { get; set; } = new List<BillPayment>();
+    public virtual ICollection<Expense> Expenses { get; set; } = new List<Expense>();
+    public virtual ICollection<Expense> ExpensePaymentAccounts { get; set; } = new List<Expense>();
+}
+
+/// <summary>
+/// Vendor bill (accounts payable). Represents money owed to a supplier.
+/// </summary>
+public class Bill : BaseEntity
+{
+    public string BillNumber { get; set; } = string.Empty;
+    /// <summary>Vendor's own invoice/reference number.</summary>
+    public string? VendorInvoiceNumber { get; set; }
+
+    public int VendorId { get; set; }
+    /// <summary>Which AP account this bill posts to (default: Accounts Payable 2000).</summary>
+    public int APAccountId { get; set; }
+
+    public DateTime BillDate { get; set; } = DateTime.UtcNow;
+    public DateTime? DueDate { get; set; }
+
+    public BillStatus Status { get; set; } = BillStatus.Draft;
+    public string? Terms { get; set; }
+    public string? Memo { get; set; }
+
+    // Financials
+    public decimal SubTotal { get; set; }
+    public decimal TaxPercent { get; set; }
+    public decimal TaxAmount { get; set; }
+    public decimal Total { get; set; }
+    public decimal AmountPaid { get; set; }
+    [System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations.Schema.NotMapped]
+    public decimal BalanceDue => Total - AmountPaid;
+
+    /// <summary>Blob path to an attached receipt/invoice document (PDF or image).</summary>
+    public string? ReceiptFilePath { get; set; }
+
+    // Navigation
+    public virtual Vendor Vendor { get; set; } = null!;
+    public virtual Account APAccount { get; set; } = null!;
+    public virtual ICollection<BillLineItem> LineItems { get; set; } = new List<BillLineItem>();
+    public virtual ICollection<BillPayment> Payments { get; set; } = new List<BillPayment>();
+}
+
+/// <summary>
+/// A single line on a vendor bill, posted to an expense or asset account.
+/// </summary>
+public class BillLineItem : BaseEntity
+{
+    public int BillId { get; set; }
+    /// <summary>Expense/asset account this line item is categorized under. Nullable for QB-imported bills where account is unknown.</summary>
+    public int? AccountId { get; set; }
+    /// <summary>Optional job costing link.</summary>
+    public int? JobId { get; set; }
+
+    public string Description { get; set; } = string.Empty;
+    public decimal Quantity { get; set; } = 1;
+    public decimal UnitPrice { get; set; }
+    public decimal Amount { get; set; }
+    public int DisplayOrder { get; set; }
+
+    // Navigation
+    public virtual Bill Bill { get; set; } = null!;
+    public virtual Account? Account { get; set; }
+    public virtual Job? Job { get; set; }
+}
+
+/// <summary>
+/// A payment made against a vendor bill.
+/// </summary>
+public class BillPayment : BaseEntity
+{
+    public string PaymentNumber { get; set; } = string.Empty;
+    public int BillId { get; set; }
+    /// <summary>Denormalized for AP reporting without joining through Bill.</summary>
+    public int VendorId { get; set; }
+    /// <summary>Bank/cash account the payment came out of.</summary>
+    public int BankAccountId { get; set; }
+
+    public DateTime PaymentDate { get; set; } = DateTime.UtcNow;
+    public decimal Amount { get; set; }
+    public PaymentMethod PaymentMethod { get; set; }
+    public string? CheckNumber { get; set; }
+    public string? Memo { get; set; }
+
+    // Navigation
+    public virtual Bill Bill { get; set; } = null!;
+    public virtual Vendor Vendor { get; set; } = null!;
+    public virtual Account BankAccount { get; set; } = null!;
+}
+
+/// <summary>
+/// A direct expense paid immediately (not via a bill). Covers cash/card purchases.
+/// </summary>
+public class Expense : BaseEntity
+{
+    public string ExpenseNumber { get; set; } = string.Empty;
+    public DateTime Date { get; set; } = DateTime.UtcNow;
+
+    /// <summary>Optional vendor the expense was paid to.</summary>
+    public int? VendorId { get; set; }
+    /// <summary>Expense category account (e.g. 6200 Powder & Materials).</summary>
+    public int ExpenseAccountId { get; set; }
+    /// <summary>Account money came out of (e.g. 1000 Checking, 2100 Credit Card).</summary>
+    public int PaymentAccountId { get; set; }
+    /// <summary>Optional job costing link.</summary>
+    public int? JobId { get; set; }
+
+    public PaymentMethod PaymentMethod { get; set; }
+    public decimal Amount { get; set; }
+    public string? Memo { get; set; }
+    public string? ReceiptFilePath { get; set; }
+
+    // Navigation
+    public virtual Vendor? Vendor { get; set; }
+    public virtual Account ExpenseAccount { get; set; } = null!;
+    public virtual Account PaymentAccount { get; set; } = null!;
+    public virtual Job? Job { get; set; }
+}